Rubbing with the steering wheel turned is a function of both width and height. The taller tire will project further into the inner parts of the wheel well when the steering wheel is turned. Also, under full compression of the springs, you will be reducing the clearance in the wheel well.
You should be totally safe with a 215/70R16 Geolander ST-S, since at 215 wide and 28.0inches tall, it is the same size as the upgrade alloy wheel and tire 215/65R17 Wrangler SRA's. I understand that the 225/70R16 Geolander AT-S also fits without rubbing in the wheel well. I understand that when you go beyond 28.5 inches tall and/or 225 wide you will start to get rubbing issues.
Something to consider is that the largest tire which will fit in the spare tire well with the original insulation is the 215/70R16, which makes sense because Jeep provided enough room for a full-size spare the same size as the upgrade alloy wheel and tire 215/65R17 Wrangler SRA's. But no more.
I understand that if you pull the insulation you can fit a 225 wide x 28.3 inch tall tire in the spare tire well, but, for me, the Geolander AT-S 225/70R16 was a really tight fit with the insulation removed.
So, if you want a "fuill size spare" you can go with five 215/70R16's or four 225/70R16's on the ground and one 215/70R16 in the spare tire location or maybe a 225/70R16 in spare tire location with the insulation removed.
Some guys are using the spare tire well for general storage and putting the oversize spare on the rear cargo area floor. Or on a cargo platform or basket on the roof. The problem with the roof mount is possible theft, sun deterioration, and aerodynamic drag which will hurt gas mileage.
If the spare tire height is too far from the rest of the tires, it may cause a problem for the traction control when used with three other taller tires. The limited use spare is 27 inches tall and is used with the 28 inch tall upgrade tries, so it looks like Jeep thanks that a one inch difference is acceptable.
The dealer can reset your Patriot's computer, telling it that you have the upgrade 215/65R17 tires, which will make your speedometer spot on with the same size 215/70R16 tires.