This is maybe too much information, and it requires a bi-directional scanner (or OBD adapter and app such as mentioned above), and a circuit tester (or multimeter equipped for circuit testing) but…
Note: The different resources reference different years from the 2015, but they should be pretty much the same.
This post contains a drawing of the relay box identifying the relays:
Here’s a link to the Radiator Cooling Fan Testing and Inspection procedure from the online Operation Charm service manual for the 2010 Patriot:
Detailed repair manual for the 2010 Jeep Patriot 4WD L4-2.4L.
charm.li
Here’s a post from a thread on wiring harness, connector and component locations showing the radiator fans:
In the wiring diagrams, each wire trace shows three bits of data. Top to bottom they are: Reference Code (e.g. from service manual), Wire Gauge, Wire Color(s). Also, different modules are usually outlined with dashes, and the connector ID and pin number are shown where the trace exits the module.